The history of programming languages pdf

Haskell is a general-purpose programming language named after the American logician and mathematician Haskell Brooks Curry. Like many other programming languages from this era, it is not overly common to see Haskell in use for well-known applications. With that said, the programming language has been used to write a number of games one of which is Nikki and the Robots. Source: Wikimedia. It is a general-purpose , high-level programming language created to support a variety of programming styles and be fun to use a number of the tutorials, samples, and instructions often contain Monty Python references.

Python is, to this day, one of the most popular programming languages in the world is used by companies such as Google, yahoo, and Spotify. Developed by Microsoft, Visual Basic allows programmers to utilize a drag-and-drop style of choosing and changing pre-selected chunks of code through a graphical user interface GUI.

The language is not overly used these days however Microsoft has used portions Visual Basic to a number of their applications like Word, Excel, and Access. Created by Yukihiro Matsumoto, Ruby is an interpreted high-level programming language.

A teaching language which was influenced by Perl, Ada, Lisp, and Smalltalk — among others. Twitter, Hulu, and Groupon are some well-known examples of companies that use Ruby. Java is a general-purpose, high-level language created by James Gosling for an interactive TV project. Java can be found everywhere, from computers to smartphones to parking meters.

Its primary uses include building and maintaining dynamic web pages, as well as server-side development. JavaScript was created by Brendan Eich, this language is primarily used for dynamic web development, PDF documents, web browsers, and desktop widgets.

Almost every major website uses JavaScript. Gmail, Adobe Photoshop, and Mozilla Firefox include some well-known examples. The language is used in almost all Microsoft products and is seen primarily in developing desktop applications.

Developed by Martin Odersky, Scala which combines mathematical functional programming and organized object-oriented programming. Linkedin, Twitter, Foursquare, and Netflix are just a few examples of the many companies that use Scala in their tech stacks. The language improves productivity because of its succinct and easy to learn.

Some well-known companies that are using Groovy in their tech stacks are Starbucks, Transferwise, and Craftbase. Go was developed by Google to address issues that occur due to large software systems. Due to its simple and modern structure, Go has gained popularity among some of the largest tech companies around the world such as Google, Uber, Twitch, and Dropbox.

Not all programming languages last forever. With that said, there are some old programming languages that arestill being used by IT professionals today:. There have been a string of updates since with the most recent version released in COBOL was developed back in and was one of the first high-level programming languages.

Source: Unsplash. Microsoft and Apple are two of the most fundamental companies in the history of programming languages. Their modified version became Altair BASIC , which was the first marketed and distributed product of Microsoft, and led to the creation of the company. Pascal was the programming language of choice during the early days of Apple.

Invented in the early s, Apple developers liked Pascal because of its power and ease of use. The report contains data from over , coding tests sent across countries by companies looking to hire specialized IT professionals. As you can see above, JavaScript was the most popular language tested on DevSkiller based on the test invites that were sent out.

This finding is confirmed in the Stack Overflow Developer Survey which lists JavaScript as the most popular programming language for the eighth year in a row. The history of programming languages is fascinating. Who would have thought that an algorithm from the midth century would pave the way for the technology-driven society we live in today.

From early machine codes to the sophisticated human-readable code that powers our favorite technologies today, programming languages have come a long way. Image Credit: Pixabay. We make sure your data is safe and secure. Table of Contents. Share post Tweet Share Share. Instead, they concentrated on developing good tools for teaching such as a debugger and editing system and support for common early microprocessor machines which were in use in teaching institutions. While doing so, many of the irregularities and oddball statements of these languages were cleaned up, which helped it gain users Bergin, It also added a CASE statement, that allowed instructions to to branch like a tree in such a manner:.

However, Pascal did not implement dynamic arrays, or groups of variables, which proved to be needed and led to its downfall Bergin, Wirth later created a successor to Pascal, Modula-2, but by the time it appeared, C was gaining popularity and users at a rapid pace. The transition in usage from the first major languages to the major languages of today occurred with the transition between Pascal and C.

C uses pointers extensively and was built to be fast and powerful at the expense of being hard to read. But because it fixed most of the mistakes Pascal had, it won over former-Pascal users quite rapidly.

Ritchie developed C for the new Unix system being created at the same time. Because of this, C and Unix go hand in hand.

Unix gives C such advanced features as dynamic variables, multitasking, interrupt handling, forking, and strong, low-level, input-output. Objects are pieces of data that can be packaged and manipulated by the programmer. Sun Microsystems decided that interactive TV needed a special, portable can run on many types of machines , language. This language eventually became Java. The next year, Netscape licensed Java for use in their internet browser, Navigator.

At this point, Java became the language of the future and several companies announced applications which would be written in Java, none of which came into use. But Java may wind up as the instructional language of tomorrow as it is truly object-oriented and implements advanced techniques such as true portability of code and garbage collection.

BASIC is a very limited language and was designed for non-computer science people. Statements are chiefly run sequentially, but program control can change based on IF.. The heart of VB is the form, or blank window on which you drag and drop components such as menus, pictures, and slider bars. VB is most often used today to create quick and simple interfaces to other Microsoft products such as Excel and Access without needing a lot of code, though it is possible to create full applications with it.

It has very strong text matching functions which make it ideal for these tasks. Perl was developed by Larry Wall in because the Unix sed and awk tools used for text manipulation were no longer strong enough to support his needs. Programming languages have been under development for years and will remain so for many years to come.

They got their start with a list of steps to wire a computer to perform a task. These steps eventually found their way into software and began to acquire newer and better features. The first major languages were characterized by the simple fact that they were intended for one purpose and one purpose only, while the languages of today are differentiated by the way they are programmed in, as they can be used for almost any purpose. And perhaps the languages of tomorrow will be more natural with the invention of quantum and biological computers.

This history was written in the spring of when I was in eighth grade. For several years after I wrote it, the text was available online and it became a reference for other articles, Wikipedia entries, and even college courses.

I have placed the report here for posterity and amusement how could I have possibly left out Python?? In , I made two updates in response to e-mailed criticisms, but the text is otherwise unchanged. For a more up-to-date reference, I shamelessly point you to Wikipedia. Cited, March 25, Jeremy Myers. Bergin, Thomas J. Gibson, eds. History of Programming Languages-II. Christiansen, Tom and Nathan Torkington.

Perlfaq1 Unix Manpage. Perl 5 Porters, Perlhist Unix Manpage.